Course Duration: [5 days / 6 -7 hours/d]

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Level: Foundation

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AUDIENCE

Engineers or geologists with no waterflood experience to few years of waterflooding experience.

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TEACHING METHODS

In-classroom, virtual

Material on paper and slides

Theoretical method supported by practical exercises

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THE BENEFITS FROM ATTENDING

By the end of this course, participants will be able to:

Understand the principles, theories, and practices related to basic concepts of waterflooding, gain a comprehensive understanding of reservoir behaviour, fluid displacement mechanisms and sweep efficiency. 

 

TOPICS

Factors to consider in waterflooding

Reservoir driving mechanisms

Optimum time to waterflood

Selection of flooding patterns

Injectivity and water quality

Recovery Efficiency

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DAILY AGENDA

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Day 1:

Introduction to Waterflooding

• Terminology and concepts

• Reservoir Characteristics

• Rock and fluid characteristics 

 

Day one will focus on presenting waterflooding concepts helping to gain a general understanding of the subject. Reservoir and fluid characteristics and reservoir heterogeneities will be discussed.

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Day 2:

Performance and Processes

• Efficiency of oil displacement

• Mobility ratio concept

• Capillary pressure concept

 

This day will learn about what can affect waterfloodingand itsimpact in displacement efficiency. They will also learn about the drainage process and capillary pressure.

 

Day 3:

Waterflood patterns

• Type of pattern 

• Water quality

• Reservoir pressure and injection pressure

 

Analysis of the waterflood pattern configuration will be discussed, the water quality andtreatment before injection and its impact in the reservoir pressure and oil recovery

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Day 4:

Forecast and optimum time to waterflood

• Analytical methods

• Simulation models

• Artificial Intelligence and Machine Leaning

 

Prediction methods aim to forecast the performance of waterflooding by estimating key parameters, such as oil recovery, production rates, and water breakthrough time. 

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Day 5:

Waterflood challenges and field examples

• Reservoir heterogeneity

• Bypassed oil

• Conformance control

• Formation damage

 

Waterflood, despite being a widely used and effective secondary oil recovery method, comes with its on challenges. These challenges can vary depending on the reservoir characteristics, implementation strategy, and the specific conditions of the oilfield. 

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INSTRUCTOR

Laura Soares, Senior Reservoir Geologist/Modeler.

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